Achieving Net Zero in the Public Sector by 2025

Welcome, Net Zero News readers, to an exploration of the vital role the public sector plays in the UK’s ambitious journey towards achieving net zero emissions by 2050. With the introduction of groundbreaking policies surrounding electric vehicles, renewable energy, and sustainable innovation, the public sector stands at the forefront of a transformative opportunity estimated to be worth around £1 trillion.

To shed light on the latest insights from public sector leaders regarding the benefits and challenges of the decarbonisation journey, Public Sector Executive recently hosted the 2025 Public Sector Net Zero online conference. This event was a platform for experts to share their experiences and strategies as the UK works towards a sustainable future.

Transport: A Key Challenge and Opportunity

The first panel discussion addressed the critical issue of transport and its significant role in the UK’s quest for net zero emissions. As the largest source of emissions, responsible for nearly 30% of the total in 2024, the transport sector presents both challenges and immense opportunities for innovative solutions.

The panel comprised representatives from various local authorities, who discussed the shared responsibilities that lie across local, regional, and national levels. Sarah Spink, Strategic Partnerships Lead at Midlands Connect, emphasised the pivotal nature of collaboration, stating, “The responsibility for net zero lies with all of the above: local, regional, and national.”

Keith Melton, Portfolio Holder for Climate Change and Net Zero at Newark and Sherwood District Council, echoed this sentiment, highlighting the necessity of enhancing rural transport access to reduce car journeys and improve air quality.

A significant topic of discussion was the promotion of active travel. Richard Burton, Active Travel Champion at Forest of Dean District Council, pointed out that encouraging walking and cycling could profoundly affect emissions and public health. He argued, “Active travel is crucial for reducing pollution and improving health,” underlining the multifaceted benefits of transitioning to more sustainable modes of transport.

The panel also focused on electric vehicles (EVs). Katie Pudney, Electric Vehicle and Charging Strategy Lead at Essex County Council, noted that while EVs represent a step in the right direction, they are not a panacea for decarbonisation. “They must fit into a wider sustainable travel framework,” she explained, emphasising the need for a holistic approach that incorporates public transport and active travel.

Despite the optimistic outlook, the panellists acknowledged the challenges associated with implementing effective transport solutions. Issues such as funding disparities and the need for cultural change emerged as significant barriers. The conversation highlighted the stark contrast in funding available for active travel initiatives compared to road schemes.

AI Innovation and Emerging Technologies

The second panel discussion explored the role of artificial intelligence (AI) and emerging technologies in propelling the UK’s public sector towards its ambitious net zero targets. With a focus on achieving a 78% reduction in emissions by 2035, the panel of experts shared valuable insights into how AI is being harnessed to optimise energy use, manage decarbonisation funds, and develop smart infrastructures.

The discussion commenced with Bilal Hussain, Principal Climate Energy Analyst at Westminster City Council, who highlighted the innovative application of AI in tracking emissions related to the council’s procurement processes. By utilising AI tools, they have significantly enhanced the accuracy and efficiency of emissions tracking, facilitating better stakeholder engagement and targeted reduction efforts.

Steve Cornes from Nottingham City Council elaborated on a European Union project aimed at developing an interoperable energy management system. This system integrates various renewable energy sources and storage solutions, addressing the challenges of energy intermittency and infrastructure costs. He underscored the importance of machine learning in predicting energy demand and optimising supply, showcasing how AI can augment grid capacity without necessitating constant reinforcement.

Shanika Mahendran, Cabinet Member for Climate, Sustainability and Innovation at Milton Keynes City Council, shared her experiences with the Smart Cities programme that began in 2014. This initiative has leveraged AI to analyse data on energy inefficiencies in housing stock, assisting in effective resource allocation for decarbonisation efforts. She also discussed the city’s autonomous vehicle trial, aimed at improving public transport accessibility and contributing to net zero objectives.

The conversation further explored AI’s potential in future planning, with Alex Buckman, Innovative Solutions Architect at the Energy Systems Catapult, discussing their ADVICE project, which focuses on utilising AI for decarbonisation strategies. The panel concurred that collaboration among public sector institutions is essential for sharing knowledge and best practices as they collectively strive for a sustainable future.

As the discussion concluded, the panellists reflected on the exciting opportunities AI presents in the battle against climate change. With innovative projects underway and a commitment to collaboration, the public sector is well-positioned to lead the charge towards achieving net zero emissions.

Alternative Fuels and Solutions

In the race to achieve net zero emissions by 2050, the UK is increasingly turning its attention to alternative fuels and clean technologies. The next leaders debate at the conference delved into this crucial theme, featuring a panel of experts who shared their insights into the challenges and successes of implementing these solutions within local councils.

One key highlight was the surge in heat pump installations, with nearly 100,000 units installed in 2024 alone—a significant increase but still far from the government’s target of 600,000 by 2028. Mohammed Rafiq, Executive Member for Climate, Energy, Environment and Green Spaces at Leeds City Council, discussed the innovative Leeds Pipe District Heating network, which utilises waste heat from non-recyclable domestic waste. This initiative not only reduces carbon emissions but also generates green jobs within the community.

Bret Willers, Head of Climate Change and Sustainability at Coventry City Council, shared insights regarding their heat network, operational for over 15 years. He underscored the importance of collaboration among local authorities in developing net zero neighbourhoods that demonstrate reduced carbon emissions at a community level. However, the challenges associated with retrofitting older properties for heat pumps and enhancing insulation remain significant hurdles.

The discussion also examined the intersection of climate initiatives and health. Hawarun Hussain, Net Zero Programme Manager at West Yorkshire and Harrogate Health, emphasised that while heat pumps are a positive step forward, their implementation must be approached with caution to avoid exacerbating fuel poverty and health inequalities. The panel highlighted the necessity for accessible funding and support for those who may struggle to afford the initial investment required for retrofitting.

As the conversation progressed, the panellists explored various innovative technologies and approaches, including the potential of utilising waste heat from sewage systems and geothermal sources. They also stressed the importance of a holistic approach to energy management, ensuring that health impacts are considered alongside environmental benefits.

EV Infrastructure: Building the Future

In the penultimate session of the conference, panellists tackled the critical issue of electric vehicle infrastructure within the public sector, a topic that has taken centre stage as the UK pursues ambitious climate targets. Given that the transport sector is currently the largest emitter of greenhouse gases in the UK, the need for robust EV infrastructure is becoming increasingly evident.

The expert panel, which included Shamala Evans-Gadgil (EV Infrastructure Programme Manager at Coventry City Council), Jack Adams (EV Infrastructure Project Manager at Wakefield Council), Theo Parkes (Senior Officer of EV Infrastructure at Nottinghamshire County Council), and Bryony Chetwode (Design Engineer for Public Transport at Swindon Borough Council), shared their experiences and insights regarding the challenges they encounter in scaling EV infrastructure.

With the UK aiming for 300,000 public charge points by 2030, the pressure is on to innovate and adapt.

A key lesson highlighted by Theo Parkes was the importance of embracing change in a rapidly evolving market. He emphasised that being open to new technologies and approaches is crucial for success. The panel also discussed the necessity of effective communication with stakeholders, including residents and industry experts, to foster collaboration and understanding.

Shamala Evans-Gadgil raised a significant point regarding public awareness and the myths surrounding EVs. She indicated that many residents are unaware of the myriad benefits of electric vehicles, making community consultation essential. Engaging with residents not only helps dispel misconceptions but also fosters trust and support for new initiatives.

Jack Adams shared the procurement challenges faced in Wakefield, where a mixed council area presents a unique set of obstacles. He emphasised the need for clear guidance and regulatory backing, as the industry remains relatively unregulated. The panel then discussed the importance of flexibility in procurement processes to accommodate the diverse needs of different councils.

Bryony Chetwode contributed another layer to the conversation by discussing the integration of EV infrastructure with public transport and active travel. She stressed the need for a holistic approach, ensuring that EV charging solutions do not obstruct other transport routes. This interconnectedness is vital for creating a seamless travel experience for all users.

As the discussion unfolded, the panel reflected on their community engagement strategies, including visualisation models that help residents understand how EV infrastructure will impact their streets. Feedback has been predominantly positive, with residents beginning to embrace the idea of EV charging points as an integral part of their community.

In conclusion, while the journey towards a sustainable transport future is fraught with challenges, the insights shared by the panel provide a roadmap for success. By embracing change, fostering community engagement, and maintaining open lines of communication, local councils can lead the charge towards a net-zero future.

Estates: Future-Proofing for Sustainability

In a world increasingly aware of the impacts of climate change, the urgency for decarbonisation within public sector estates has never been more pronounced. With the UK aspiring for net zero by 2050, local authorities, the NHS, and other central bodies are rising to the challenge, exploring innovative solutions. In the final panel discussion of the day, experts shared their insights on how to future-proof estates through low carbon heating, energy efficiency retrofits, and smart technologies.

The discussion kicked off with a focus on the public sector decarbonisation scheme, which has committed over £2 billion to facilitate this transition. The panellists, including representatives from Walsall Council and the Royal Wolverhampton NHS Trust, highlighted their ongoing retrofitting projects aimed at enhancing energy efficiency in both residential and public buildings. Notably, Adrian Andrew, Associate Leader of Walsall Council, shared details about their net zero project on the Dudley Fields Estate, which includes a comprehensive range of structural improvements to 85 units, showcasing how local authorities can spearhead efforts to reduce carbon emissions.

One of the key challenges discussed was the retrofitting of historical buildings. Tricia Ayrton, Portfolio Holder for Climate Change and Environment at Rochdale Borough Council, spoke about the complexities involved in installing air source heat pumps in their grade one listed town hall, marking it as the first of its kind in the UK. The technical hurdles of integrating modern technology into older structures were a recurring theme, as panellists acknowledged the importance of preserving heritage while adapting to new energy standards.

Public engagement emerged once again as a significant topic. The panel discussed the necessity of effectively communicating with residents about the benefits of decarbonisation. Adrian noted that while the response to their projects has been overwhelmingly positive, the politicisation of net zero initiatives can sometimes lead to misunderstandings among the public. It is crucial for local councils to convey that these efforts aim to reduce energy costs and improve living conditions, rather than merely fulfilling environmental quotas.

As the conversation progressed, the panellists shared valuable lessons learned from their experiences. Janet Smith, Head of Sustainability at the Royal Wolverhampton NHS Trust, emphasised the need for a pragmatic approach to planning for the transition to net zero, asserting that retrofitting alone is insufficient. A comprehensive transition plan that considers energy use, building resilience, and future needs is essential to ensure that public facilities remain functional and efficient.

For those eager to access all of the key insights provided by the expert speakers, every moment of the online conference is available for on-demand viewing here.